时间:2026-02-22 08:56:22 来源:网络整理编辑:知識
Boom.The profoundly powerful Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on Jan. 15 created a jarring appeara
Boom.
The profoundly powerful Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on Jan. 15 created a jarring appearance on Earth's surface and sent pressure waves around the globe. Now, NASA scientists say the volcano's plume of ash and gas reached a whopping 36 milesup in the atmosphere. That's likely the highest plume ever recorded in the satellite era.
The blast in the South Pacific came from an underwater volcano (Hunga Tonga and Hunga Ha'apai are just remnants of the volcanic peak.) As Mashable previously reported, volcanologists suspect that seawater interacting with the volcano's magma (molten rock) beneath the surface ultimately provided this eruption with the pressure for such a massive explosion.
"That's what gave this [eruption] outsized energy, we think," Josef Dufek, a volcanologist at the University of Oregon, told Mashable in January.

All this heat and superheated water "was like hyper-fuel for a mega-thunderstorm," NASA atmospheric scientist Kristopher Bedka told the space agency's Earth Observatory blog. "The intensity of this event far exceeds that of any storm cloud I have ever studied," Bedka added.
Tweet may have been deleted
NOAA satellite views show the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption traveling high up into the atmosphere. On the top row, the second image from right shows the plume reaching the mesosphere, before the plume collapsed and spread out.Credit: NOAA / National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS)The blast reached through the atmosphere's troposphere, which exists between the surface and some five to nine miles up in the atmosphere. This is where jetliners fly and our weather occurs. But then it blasted through the next level, the lofty stratosphere, too. That's some 22 miles thick.
Soon after the eruption, the plume reached the mesosphere. Meteors, popularly known as shooting stars, burn up in the mesosphere.
SEE ALSO:How climate change moved Earth's axisWhy Iceland's eruption is so gooey and thrilling
What Earth was like last time CO2 levels were this high
Why it's impossible to forecast the weather too far into the future
The great blast, topping off at 36 miles in elevation, was significantly higher than the historic 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. That eruption reached 22 miles, and its sulfur dioxide gases (which soak up and scatter sunlight) had a cooling effect on the world.
The Tonga eruption likely won't cool the Earth. This eruption largely contained water vapor, not absorbent gases. But, as noted above, the eruption still had a global impact. The blast sent shock waves around Earth, multiple times.
Olympic security asks female Iranian fan to drop protest sign2026-02-22 08:33
Yes, old people totally understand emoji (except maybe that eggplant one)2026-02-22 08:14
Internet reminds politician that no, actually, slavery was the worst2026-02-22 08:10
This Redditor is trolling the Conservatives with these sneaky websites2026-02-22 07:32
Ivanka Trump's unpaid interns share cringeworthy financial advice2026-02-22 07:16
Samsung really doesn't want you to mess with the Galaxy S8's Bixby button2026-02-22 07:08
This marathon VR binge2026-02-22 07:06
Miranda Kerr is really feeling the wrath of Spiegel's alleged India comments2026-02-22 06:41
Felix the cat just raised £5000 for charity because she's the hero we all need2026-02-22 06:39
Serena Williams has a message for the creep who made 'racist' comments about her baby2026-02-22 06:29
Olympics official on Rio's green diving pool: 'Chemistry is not an exact science'2026-02-22 08:55
Tesla recalls 53,000 Model X and Model S cars over parking brakes2026-02-22 08:54
Serena Williams has a message for the creep who made 'racist' comments about her baby2026-02-22 08:41
'Mario Kart 8 Deluxe' reviews are in: Still great, three years later2026-02-22 08:39
U.S. pole vaulter skids to a halt for national anthem2026-02-22 08:35
Let Justin Trudeau lull you to dreamland with his mesmerizing Earth Day message2026-02-22 07:33
Your overbearing dad Mark Zuckerberg told some rough jokes at F82026-02-22 06:58
'Sustainable tourism' is not working. Here's how we can change that.2026-02-22 06:57
Whyd voice2026-02-22 06:46
Instagram is closer than ever to a billion users2026-02-22 06:41